I suggest attempting to create a VM with the command line client. That will tell us whether the problem is with the dashboard or not. The documentation you followed shows how to do that but let us know if you need assistance.
@jmorgenstern by default ESXi guests do not have the right CPU features for virtualisation. You need to add the following config to the .vmx file for each of the machines you define there.
vhv.enable = "TRUE"
You can’t set this from the vsphere client, you will need to SSH to the hypervisor and make the setting.
You will need to shut off the VM before you make the edit.