[Multus][multus] is a CNI plugin for Kubernetes which enables attaching multiple network interfaces to pods. Multus support for Charmed Kubernetes is provided by the Multus charm, which must be deployed into a Kubernetes model in Juju.
Requirements
Juju 2.8.0
The Multus charm requires Juju 2.8.0 or newer.
CNI providers
Multus is not a replacement for other CNI providers. Your Charmed Kubernetes deployment must include at least one of the base CNI providers documented in the [CNI overview][cni-overview] page.
Persistent volume support
In order to deploy Multus, you will need a Kubernetes model in Juju, which requires persistent volume support to be enabled in your Charmed Kubernetes cluster.
If your cluster includes any of the cloud integrator charms, then you should have persistent volume support already. Otherwise, you can read the [Storage][storage] documentation page to learn how to enable persistent volume support by adding Ceph to your cluster.
Creating a Kubernetes model in Juju
To deploy the Multus charm, you will first need a Kubernetes model in Juju.
Make sure your local kubeconfig is pointing to the correct Kubernetes cluster:
juju scp kubernetes-control-plane/0:config ~/.kube/config
Next, add your Kubernetes as a cloud to your Juju controller:
juju add-k8s my-k8s-cloud --controller $(juju switch | cut -d: -f1)
And create a new Kubernetes model:
juju add-model my-k8s-model my-k8s-cloud
Deploying Multus
Once all of the requirements have been met, you can deploy Multus into a Kubernetes model by running:
juju deploy multus
Configuring the Default CNI
Multus delegates to a single CNI network by default. If you have multiple CNI subordinates in your cluster then you can use the default-cni config on kubernetes-control-plane to set the default:
juju config kubernetes-control-plane default-cni=flannel
Multus will use this as the default network as well.
Example: Pod with multiple Flannel interfaces
If you have Flannel in your cluster, then you can use it to attach additional network interfaces to your pods. In this example, we’ll create an Ubuntu pod with 2 extra Flannel interfaces, in addition to the default one.
Create a NetworkAttachmentDefinition for Flannel:
apiVersion: "k8s.cni.cncf.io/v1"
kind: NetworkAttachmentDefinition
metadata:
name: flannel
spec:
config: |
{
"cniVersion": "0.3.1",
"plugins": [
{
"type": "flannel",
"delegate": {
"hairpinMode": true,
"isDefaultGateway": true
}
},
{
"type": "portmap",
"capabilities": {"portMappings": true},
"snat": true
}
]
}
Create a Pod with the k8s.v1.cni.cncf.io/networks annotation:
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: ubuntu
annotations:
k8s.v1.cni.cncf.io/networks: flannel, flannel
spec:
containers:
- name: ubuntu
image: ubuntu
command: ['sleep', '3600']
That’s it. After the pod comes up, you can exec into the pod and confirm that it has multiple network interfaces with IP addresses belonging to the Flannel network:
$ kubectl exec -it ubuntu bash
root@ubuntu:/# apt update && apt install -y net-tools
...
root@ubuntu:/# ifconfig
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 8951
inet 10.1.34.6 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 0.0.0.0
inet6 fe80::c001:5aff:feb8:fefd prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether c2:01:5a:b8:fe:fd txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet)
RX packets 5447 bytes 18185162 (18.1 MB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 4666 bytes 356784 (356.7 KB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
net1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 8951
inet 10.1.34.3 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 0.0.0.0
inet6 fe80::78fe:9ff:fe80:ec57 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 7a:fe:09:80:ec:57 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet)
RX packets 42 bytes 3220 (3.2 KB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 11 bytes 838 (838.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
net2: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 8951
inet 10.1.34.4 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 0.0.0.0
inet6 fe80::acad:f6ff:feaa:416f prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether ae:ad:f6:aa:41:6f txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet)
RX packets 40 bytes 3088 (3.0 KB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 11 bytes 838 (838.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
In this case, eth0 is the default interface that gets attached to all pods,
while net1 and net2 are the additional interfaces that Multus attached to
the pod based on the pod’s k8s.v1.cni.cncf.io/networks annotation.
For additional examples of how you can use Multus, please refer to the official Multus documentation here: [Create network attachment definition][multus-examples].
Troubleshooting
If there is an issue with Multus, it can be useful to inspect the Juju logs. To see a complete set of logs for Multus:
juju debug-log --replay --include=multus
For additional troubleshooting pointers, please see the [dedicated troubleshooting page][troubleshooting].